Rotary steam-engine.



L. I. WING, DECD. m. w. CASTLE. ADMlNISTRATRlX.

ROTARY STEAM ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 8. 1906. RENEWED MAY 16.1915.

n0 1 0d 11 9 1 0 6 D d II in H J k l u m 7 un L. J. WING, DECD. m. w.CASTLE, ADMINISTRATRIX. ROTARY STEAM ENGINE. APPLICATION men MAY 8,1906. RENEWED MAY 16.1916.

1 ,2Q8,8?5, Patented Dec. 19, 1916,

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ammmfoz L. J. WING, DECD. M. w. CASTLE. ADMINISTRATRIX. ROTARY STEAMENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY 8. 1906. RENEWED MAY 16. I916.

1,208,875. Patented Dec.19,1916.

7 SHEETSSHEET 3- L. J. WING, DECD. M w CASTLE ADMINISTRATRIX ROTARYSTEAM ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY8,1906- RENEWED MAY 16,1916.

Patented Dec. 19, 1916.

YSHEETS-SHEET 4- witnesses 0 v L. J. WING, DECD. M w CASTLE.ADMINISTRATRIX ROTARY STEAM ENGINE.

APPLICATION mm MAY. 8, 190m RENEWED MAY I6. 1916.

Patented Dec. 19,1916.

YHL' meals PEYERs L0,. womumo wAswnc mu c L. J. WING, DECD. M. w.CASTLE. ADMINISTRATRIX. ROTARY STEAM ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED MAY a.1906. RENEWED MAY 16. I9l6.

l 208,875. Patented Dec. 19, 1916.

1SHEETSSHEET 6.

W da Wy 1m: NORRIS PEYERS c0. Puoroumm. wAsnlNGmM, D. L

L. J. WING, DECD- m. w. CASTLE. ADMINISTRATRIX. ROTARY STEAM ENGINE.APPLICATION FILED MAYB, 1906. RENEWED MAY 16.1916.

'75 Patented Dec. 19, 1916.

TSHEETSSHEET 7- wuwfo c leans/er Wihwooeo rinrrnn srarns earner orrrcnLEANDER J. WING, OF LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS; MABEL "WING CASTLE, OF

LEXINGTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ADMINISTRATRIX DECEASED.

OF SAID LEANDER J. VIING,

ROTARY STEAM-ENGINE.

Application filed May 8, 1906, Serial No. 315,803. Renewed May 16, 1916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LEANDER J. WING, a citizen of the United States,residing at Lexington, in the county of Middlesex and State ofMassachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inRotary Steam-Engines, of.which the following is a specification.

My invention relates toan improvement in rotary steam engines, of theannular and concentric type ofcylinder, through which a piston revolvescarrying the main shaft with it, the bore of the cylinder being circularin cross section, the piston being provided with self expanding packingrings, and the engine being further provided with a revolving diskabutment, balanced and counterweighted and adapted to revolve at rightangles across the piston path at a uniform speed with the piston, withfacilities for automatic cut off and expansion of steam, to insure thehighest attainable degree of economy in fuel.

Designers and builders of the better type of the reciprocating pistonengine, have for some time realized the need of a higher piston speed,in order to secure the best possible effect of the steam and also toincrease the efficiency of their engines, without increasing the weightof metal composing them, or the cost of their production. The attempt tosatisfactorily solve this problem, has resulted in securing a muchgreater speed of the main shaft, than was formerly deemed safe orpracticable, and has also involved many new problems as to steamcompression, balancing of parts, &c., but the limitations that stand inthe way of any successful attempt to greatly increase the reciprocatingmovements in our most successful steam engines, are too well understoodto require discussion, and it may be safely assumed that so far as ahigh rotative speed of the main shaft is concerned, the prudent limithas been already reached, hence it would seem that the only availableway to secure the desirable results of a higher piston speed, is toreplace the present reciprocating piston by a revolving piston, and thussecure the combination of a very rapid piston speed, with a moderatelyslow rotative speed of the main shaft.

In view of the foregoing consideration, the object of my invention is toprovide Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dec. 19, 1916.

Serial No. 97,981.

an engine of such construction and arrangement of parts as shall securedurability in the wearing parts, through ample surfaces coming incontact, through automatic adjustment for wear, and through automaticcompensation for variation in the parts in moving contact, due to thedifferent temperatures to which said parts are subjected, under aprolonged and variable service of the engine.

A further object is to provide an engine of such construction andarrangement of parts as shall secure a flexible connection between therevolving disk abutment, and the revolving piston disk, thus avoidingany tendency to grinding or leakage, between the parts in revolvingcontact by reason of a variation in their expansion.

A further object is to provide an engine of such construction andarrangement of parts, as to allow the revolving disk abutment to becounterweighted or suspended over the piston disk while in operation,with the weight of the disk abutment so much reduced as to secureautomatic adjustment between the two revolving parts, in spite of avariation in the expansion of said revolving parts.

A further object is to provide an engine, of such construction andarrangement of parts, as to allow the thrust of the steam within theannular cylinder, upon the abutment, to be taken upon ball hearings, insuch a manner, that the proper operation of said bearings, shall in noway interfere with the flexible connection between the two revolvingparts before mentioned.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1. is a rear elevation of theengine. Fig. 2. is an end elevation, with the valve gearing, and shaftsand gears for operating the abutment removed. Fig. 3. is a crosssectional view of the engine, on a line cutting the abutment shaft inits longitudinal center, the piston being shown in elevation, with theexpansible ring L. removed to show internal construction. Fig. 4. is aview in elevation of the outside of the cylinder and the abutmentchamber. Fig. 5. is a view in elevation of the inside of the cylinderand the abutment chamber. Fig. 6. is a sectional view of the upperbearing for the vertical abutment shaft. Fig. 7. is a plan view of thesame. Fig. 8. is an end elevation of the bearings and supportingstandard for the diagonal shaft. Fig. 9. is a front elevation of thesame. Fig- 10. is a view in ele vation of the inner face of the abutmentehamberrcover and rim. Fig. 11. is a side elevation of the same. Fig.12. is a. plan view of the gland for packing the inner end of thestufling box, which packs around the elongated opening r Fig. 13. is theplan view of the gland for the outer end of the stuffing box, whichpacks around the shaft- D. Fig. 14:. is a plan view of the movablestufling box for the abutment siaft. Fig. 15. is a plan view showing theinner end of the abutment chamber cover, adapted to contain the flexiblepacking for the abut ment shaft. Fig. 16. 1s a plan new of the innerface of the suspended abutment shaft bearing. Fig. 17. 1s a plan vlew ofthe rear "ace of the same. Fig. 18. is a cross sectional view of the.same. Fig. 19. is an end view of the adjustable box bearing for theabutment shaft. Fig. 20. is a view in cross section of the flange forthe piston. Fig. 21. is a longitudinal view of the same, in crosssection. Fig. 22. is a view in elevation of the'bolt for the piston.Fig. 23. is an outline view of the split eccentric ring for the piston.Fig. 2%. is a view in outline of the outer split ring for the piston.Fig. 25. is a view in elevation of the piston disk, with outer packingrin piston extension and balancing weight in position. Fig. 26. is aview in elevation of the split meta], packing ring for the piston disk.Fig. 27. is a plan view in outline of the same. Fig. 28. is a plan viewof the inner face of the expansible packing ring Fig. 29. is a seetionalview of the piston arm, with the eX- pansible rings in position. Fig.30. is a side elevation of the'piston disk complete. Fig.

31 is a plan view of the double flanged packing ring surrounding thecylinder here. Fig. 32. is an edge view of the same. Fig. 33. is a planview of the outside of the radial ear of the piston arm, showing thedevices for connecting the balancing weight with the piston rings. Fig.34. is a plan View of the inner face of the same. Fig. 35. is an outlineview, showing the connecting devices passing through the forward ear.Fig. 36. is an enlarged outline view of the adjusting device for theball bearings and abutment. "Fig. 37. is an enlarged top view of thesame. Fig. 38. is a plan view of the revolving disk abutment, showingthe cut away section, and the method for coring outon the opposite sideof the disk to balance the same. Fig. 39. is an enlarged plan view of asection of the grooved steel ring, showing the balls located in thegroove. Fig. 10. a View in outline of the bottom of the counterbalancingyoke. Fig. 4:1.is a plan view of the balancing weight for the piston.Fig. 4:2;is an edge view of 7 (not shown) Fig. l5. is an enlarged,detached *iew in side elevation, of the stufiingbo'x for the abutmentshaft. 16. is an enlarged plan View of the outer flanged end of theabutment chamber cover, showing the elongated circular opening in thecenter of its inner end, with the stuiimg box extending up through it.;F1 9L7. in an enlarged plan view of the ring 7". Fig. 48. is an enlargedview in side elevation of. the gland R";

In the drawings accompanying this specification, it will be seen thatthe main portion of the'engine' is formed of the two sections B. and B.said sections extending V vertically high enough to embrace withintheircompass the'annular cylinder in their lower portion, and theabutment chamber in heir upper. The inner connecting surfaces of thesections B. and B. areformed with flanges FE. and Ff. extending-theentire length of said sections, and when the inner connecting faces ofsaid flanges E and E are planed and scraped to a fit, they are adaptedto be secured together rigidly, on a vertical line coincident with theline of the main shaft D. and at right angles to the line of theabutment shaft D. thus forming a reliable connection between the twosections B. and B. Toavoid any displacement, or lack of perfectalineinent when the two sections are detached and replaced, steady pins,slightly tapered, are put through the flanges E and E atsuitable points,which' secure perfect alinement' \Vhen thus placed 1n due position wltheach and and above mentioned base plate or foot'formed by the flanges Band B is also connected with sections B. and B; of the cylinder andabutment chamber M. by two parallel flanges E? and E whichcommencing atthe outerend of the base plate or foot B and B sweep inwardly andupwardly to the center of the cylinder,-forming part of its outer shell,and thenceupwardly and outwardly to near the center of the abutmentchamber, at its outer circular end, with which it connects, thus forminga substantial support for the engine at its base, and giving additionalstrength to the central portion of the abutment chamber, against anyvibration or displacement thereof, by reason of the impact and pressureof the steam against the revolving disk abutment N. and its connectingdevices, within the abutment chamber M. The parallel flanges E and E aremade wide and thin, as they are only required to take the pressure inone direction, therefore they do not add greatly to the Weight oftheengine.

In F ig. 2 it will be seen that the valve cylinders I. and I. upon theouter circle of the annular cylinder, near to its connection with theabutment chamber M. are provided with flanges I and I at each end, towhich the bearings'I. and I for the valve shafts are rigidly secured.Extending from the valve cylinders I. and I. to the annular cylinder, oneach side of the same, are projections, I. and I radial to the mainshaft D. on the inside of which are located the steam passages E and E".which allow ingress and egress of steam to and from the bore F. of theannular cylinder. Extending outward from each side of the valvecylinders I. and I. are the flanged steam pipes I and I. which carrylivesteam to, and exhaust steam from the valve cylinders I. and I. Itwill be further seen in Fig. 2. that at that portion of the cylinderwhich joins the abutment chamber M. there are formed radial projectionsE and E surrounding the cylinder which are adapted to contain a finishedgroove 0 upon the inside surrounding the bore F. fitted to hold thefinished ring e which packs the abutment N. around the bore F. whilesimilar projections E and E are adapted to contain a cavity M in whichthe flanges 6 and c. of the packing ring 6 are located. In the center ofthe abutment chamber M. between the hub sections of the annular cylinderand the top, is situated within the abutment chamber the large cavity Madapted to have the revolving disk abutment N. freely revolve therein,while on each side of this enlarged central section the abutment chamberis made on a smaller circle and is adapted to contain therein, thesuspended bearings N. and N Outside of this reduced circular section theabutment chamber M. is made square, to contain within it, the boxsection of the suspended bearings N. and N and the adjusting devices bywhich the suspended bearings are kept in perfect alinement, from theoutside of the abutment chamber M. Still outside of the square sectionjust mentioned, the abutment chamber M. is finished with anothercircular section, flanged upon its outer end, and adapted to containwithin its inner circular chamber M at one end, the packing device whichallows a vertical movement of the horizontal abutment shaft D. withoutdetriment to the proper packing of said shaft against any leakage ofexhaust steam from the abutment chamber M. when the engine is inoperation. This end section also furnishes a substantial support for theupper bearing (Z. for the vertical supplemental abutment shaft D whilethe other end of the abutment chamber is fitted with the plain cover toavoid the escape of steam from the inside of the abutment chamber M. Inthe center of the abutment chamber M. see Figs. 2. and I. above thesmaller circular portion is formed a hollow projection m. having aflange at the top, adapted to re ceive within it the upper enlargedportion of the suspended bearings N. and N while tted to this is a glandm and m fitted to contain the adjusting screws m and m. Above this inFig. 2. will be seen the adjusting yoke M provided with a plunger Mscrew threaded at the top, to compress the coil spring IV see Fig. 3.The screw threaded bolts m and m. which are secured to the upperenlarged ends of the suspended bearings N. and N after passing throughthe stufling boxes m and m pass through the ears M. of the yoke M andare held in position therein, by screwthreaded nuts above and below saidears, by which arrangement there is secured a flexible contact betweenthe revolving disk abutment N. and the piston disk L. in their revolvingmovement across each other.

In Fig. 5. in the center of the-abutment chamber M. will be seen thecircular cavity adapted to contain the disk section of the suspendedbearing N. and N beyond which circular section is seen the oblongopening into which the rear part of the disk section of the suspendedbearing N. and N is movably fitted. The movement being vertical, andspace is allowed sufficient to cover any expansion of metals in contact,while in operation, due to maximum heat.

Figs. 16. 17. 18. and 19. show the details or. the construction of thesuspended bearings N. and N and Fig. 16. shows the front face of thedisk 1. with a finished steel ring a. fitted in a groove near itsperiphery, said steel ring being provided with a semicircular curvedgroove 17.. in the center of the outer face of the ring a adapted tohave hardened steel balls 71.. snugly revolve therein to take thepressure of steam against the abutment In the center of the disk 92. isshown the inner end of the adjustable box 127. and a and the shaft D. bywhich the abutment is revolved. At the top of the disk n. is shown theenlarged projection 17.". by which it is secured to the yoke M above andbelow the center of the disk a are shown the screw threaded holes 01. bywhich it is bolted to the abutment N. when being put in position withinthe abutment chamber M. see Fig. 3. Fig. 17. shows the rear face of thedisk n. with the shell for the box bearing in the center, outside ofwhich are shown the small square cavities n adapted to receive the lip29. of the adjusting lever 29. by which the bearing N. and N are put inperfect adjustment from the outside of the cylinder. Fig. 18. is a viewin cross section with the box W. and a in position, and the grooved ringa shown in cross-section. Fig. 19. shows the box 02 and a looking at thesmaller end.

Fig. 3. shows that the cylinder bore F. is located one-half on sectionB. and the other half on section 13. while the abutment N. is suspendeddirectly over the central line which divides the two sections B. and B.and it will be seen that the thrust upon the abutment N. from the impactof the steam against it, is taken upon the ball bearings 11 a. partly onthe lower side of the shaft, where the pressure coincides with thedirection of the steam pressure upon the abutment N. while the action isjust the reverse upon the upper side of the shaft, therefore it seemsdesirable that the curved groove a. should be on as large a circle aspossible, to keep the maximum pressure upon the balls as small aspossible.

Figs. 35. and 36. show, mostly in outline, the device for adjusting thesuspended bear ings N. and N in their contact with the balls, andthrough these with the revolving disk abutment N. and the deviceconsists of four substantial levers, 79. located on each side of theabutment, said levers p. 79. having a large hole near one end, and theother end formed with a lip 79. at one side to engage the hole a. in therear face of the suspended bearing N. and N in such a manner as to causethe lever 79. to be moved vertically when the bearing N. and N is somoved and to the same extent.

In Fig. 5. at each side of the central opening in the abutment chamber2. are shown two deep narrow pockets 8. 8. one above the other, with acored cavity between, said pockets 8. .9. adapted to contain loosely thelevers p. 79. and to be movably supported therein. Near the end orbottom of the pockets .9. s. a circular opening 9. q. is cut through themetal intervening between the pockets 8. s. and the outside, and a likehole somewhat smaller in diameter is cut through from said pocket 8. s.to the central opening in which the box bearing is located to allow ofthe introduction therein of a tightly fitting eccentric pin 1. see Figs.36. and 37. by which a. fine adjustment is imparted to the position ofthe suspended bearings N. andN and the abutment N. The flanged. pin P.is finished in such a manner that the inner end 72 shall be on the sameplane with the outer end 29 although ofsmaller diameter, while thecentral portion 27*. is made eccentric to both, and is adapted to nicelyfit within theopenings in the lever 29. The

pin P. is further provided with a flange 39.

finished on both sides, with semicircular grooves 72 p extending nearlyaround it, adapted to have threaded tap bolts 79. 10- pass through saidgrooves and secure the flanges rigidly in any desired position, while inthe center of the flange is a square cavity 39 adapted to have fittedtherein the end of a wrench, by which the pin P. may be oscillated ineither direction, when the tap bolts 79. p. are loosened and the packingeneath the flange permits. In this manner a perfect adjustment of theinternal and movable members is easily accomplished.

In Fig. 3. it will be seen that long bolts of small size, with heads,are passed through the ears n. of the box bearings a and a and throughholes in the disk of the suspended bearing N. and N and are tightlyscrewed into the hub portion of the revolving abutment N. for twopurposes, first to hold the different parts in proper position when theyare placed within the abutment chamber M. All of the parts beingassembled are placed in position together, and when the two sections B.and B. of the cylinder are rigidly. secured together by means of theirconnecting flanges E and E the long bolts are removed and short bolts oflarger size adapted to pass freely through the ears of the gland n. andengage screw threaded holes it. in the box bearing a and a by which theposition of the gland 7 a. is adjusted, all of which is done from theouter end of the abutment chamber M. when the covers R. and R. areremoved. A second reason for inserting the long bolts in the positionhereinbefore mentioned, is to enable the curved steel rings to betightly held against the balls which revolve in the grooves of saidsteel rings and'fill said grooves, thus bringing the balls and groovesinto perfect alinement, so that when the tapered glands of box bearings92*. and a are placed in position within the box a. these glands may bebabbitted and thus the ball a. the groove WP. and the abutment shaft D.and the tapered gland will all be brought into perfect alinement beforethey are put into their respective operative positions. It will thus beseen that the revolving abutment N. the abutment shaft D. the suspendedbearings N. and N with the box bearings M. and m. are all held insuspension within the abutment chamber M. and are adapted to allow suchvertical movement of these parts as may be necessary to maintain aflexible contact between the abutment less degree of heat to which theyare exposed, under the varying conditions which the engine is calledupon to work in the service required of it. It will be remembered thatonly such a proportion of the weight of the abutment N. and itsconnections is allowed to bear upon the piston disk L. as shall be foundnecessary to secure a good wearing contact between these parts, and thisis easily regulated by the proper manipulation of the screw threadedplunger M. at the top of the engine.

The abutment chamber cover R. for section B. of the engine is shown incross section, in due position, in Fig. 3. and in end and sideelevations in Figs. 10. and 11. and consists of a short plain cylinder,having a head r. at one end, and is formed with an outwardly extendingflange 1". on the other end, by which, when said flange r. is finishedto fit therein, it is secured to the outer end of the abutment chamberM. by screw threaded tap bolts 1. passing through the flange r. into andthrough the flange m formed upon the outer end of the abutment chamberM. and rigidly securing it thereto, its purpose being simplyto closethat end of the abutment chamber M. against any leakage of the exhauststeam from within the abutment chamber, it being also easily removed, toadmit of any desired adjustment of the box bearings a and a at that endof the abutment shaft D. from the outside.

The abutment chamber cover R. is shown in position, in cross section, inFig. 3, and is like the cover R. just described, except that in theclosed end 1 seen in Fig. 10. there is an elongated circular opening W.in the cover R. and upon each side of this opening are parallelprojections W. and r extending outward, the inner edges of which and thespace between are fitted to receive the upper finished face 7- of theflange r. of the stufiing box R which flange T is adapted to have avertical movement betwen the parallel projections 1". and 1*". when theabutment shaft D. is moved vertically by reason of the expansion of theabutment N. and'the piston disk L. The stuffing box R is formed with twoglands Fig. 13. and R Fig. 12, both fitted to a screw threaded contactwith the outside of the stuffing box R The gland R. is adapted to packthe elongated opening r against any leakage of exhaust steam around theout side of the stuffing box R while the gland R is fitted to packaround the shaft D. inside the stuffing box R and is screw threaded uponits outer ring to engage the screw threads onthe outside of the stuffingbox R The inside bottom of the cover R. is finished to allow the gland Rto fit tightly thereon.

The revolving disk abutment N. is shown in cross :SfiQfiQIl, in dueposition in Fig. 3.

and a plan view in outline is shown in Fig. 38. and it consists of asubstantial disk pro vided with a wide short hub N in its cen ter, onehalf on each side of the disk, with an opening in the center to allowthe abutment shaft D. to be firmly secured therein by a substantialfeather, or other desirable means. At one side of the disk it is cutaway to allow the piston G. to freely pass through it, when the pistonG. and the abutment N. are in motion. The cut-away section N is largeenough to allow not only the piston rings G. and G to pass it freely butalso to allow the balancing weight L and the piston extension L to dothe same. side of the shaft D. from the cut-away section B in the plateof the disk N. the metal is cored away upon the inside of the plateleaving a thickness of metal on each face of the plate suflicient towithstand the steam pressure upon the outside of the plate, when thepressure is at its maximum without bending or breaking under the strain,and to assist the reduced plates in sustaining said pressure substantialstuds h. h. h. are left in the cored part, the area so cored out beingsutlicient to offset the metal cored out of the plate and provide ameans of balancing the abutment when in motion. The outer periphery ofthe disk is finished in a curve to fit the curve of the piston disk L.so that the area of contact between the piston disk L. and the abutmentN. shall in one direction equal the thickness of the abutment, and inthe other direction the thickness of the piston disk, thus giving a verysubstantial surface for contact of the wearing parts. The broad hub if.of the abutment- N. is provided with the same appliances for containingthe balls as are to be seen in the front face of the suspended bearingsN. and N being a groove N finished in the hub a near its outer edge, andadapted to contain the grooved steel ring in which the balls arelocated, seen on an enlarged scale in Fig. 39. By a careful study of thedevices for adjusting the contact of the balls on each side of the hub71*. of the abutment N. it will be seen that the whole pressure andimpact of the steam against the abutment N. is taken upon the balls aand in such a manner as in no wise to interfere with any small verticalmovement of the abutment N. by reason of any unusual expansion of themetals in moving contact, within the abutment chamber M.

In Fig. 5. there is shown a circular groove 0 surrounding the bore F.adapted to have nicely fitted therein, the lower portion 6. of thedouble flanged packing ring 6. see Figs. 31. and 32. while outside ofit, and surrounding the groove O is located a chamber M adapted toloosely contain the flanges 6 and 6 of the double flanged packing ring6. which packs the abutment N. around the bore F. Near the outer end ofthe flanges On the opposite c and a are located holes 6. and 6 throughthe flanges 6 and 0 adapted to receive therein, small bolts with squarecounter sunk heads, having check nut-s on the other side of the flanges6 and to hold the bolts in place with springs (not shown) for holdingthe flanges c and 0 in contact with the abutment N. and outer chucknuts, also not shown, on said bolts to control the position of thepacking flanges c and e. from the outside of the cylinder.

In Fig. 25. is shown the piston disk L. complete, with the pistonextension L the outer piston packing ring G. and the balancing weight L.in position, with the piston arm L shown in dotted lines beneath theexpansible packing ring L". In Fig. 2. these same parts are shown,except the outer expansible packing 'ring L". which is removed to showthe construction of the inner ring L and how the piston arm L is made topass through it. The periphery of the expansible packing ring L of whichthere are two, is formed with inter-locking segments, and beneath thesesegments is finished a deep groove L adapted to snugly contain the softmetal split packing ring L. see Figs. 26. and 27. while beneath thisgroove L. are made pocket-s L adapted to contain steel coil springs (notshown) to press the packing rings L outwardly, and compensate for thewear upon its outer side surface. The split ring L being made of softermetal than the parts surrounding it, is more expa-nsible under heat, andwhile its temperature is normal, it snugly fills the groove L but not sotightly as to interfere with the outward pressure of the springs locatedin the pockets L As soon as steam is introduced into the bore F. thegreater expansibility of the ring L causes it to fill the groove L sofull as tohold the rings L in a rigid position, as to any outwardexpansion, by which it will be seen that every time the cylinder of theengine cools off, this device will automatically take up the wear on thepiston disk L. in its contact with the inner surfaces of the piston diskcavity F Figs. 3. 25. and 29. show that the outer end of the piston armL is provided with outwardly extending radial ears L. and L between thefinished parallel faces of which are located the self expanding packingrings G.

and G which with the ears L. and L form the piston G. In the center ofthe ears L.

and L is shown a hole Z. see Figs. 29. 33. 3d. and 35. adapted toreceive snugly the bolt Q. Fig. 22. while the flanged ring L Figs. 20.and 21. is fitted to fill the space between the parallel faces of theears L. and L around the center, and inclosing the bolt Q. which is ofsuch length that when the flanged ring is in position, the bolt Q. willhold the parallel faces of the ears L. and L rigidly against the ends ofthe Iflanged and L radially or otherwise, and still remain steam tight,on account OfWlllCli freedom of movement, when the piston is rapidlyrevolved within the cylinder, the ring G. and G will be liable to theeffect of centrifugal force to such an extent as will wear the ring G.of the piston, G. or the bore F.

of the cylinder more on the outer than the inside, and to counteractthis effect, a balancing weight L is secured to the ear L upon theoutside of which is formed a radial projection having beveled sideswhich the weight L is adapted to fit upon having a radial movementthereon. By this arrangement the rings G. and G of the'piston G. and thebalancing weight, because they contain the same amount of metal, aresubjected to the same degree of centrifugal force, hence if they areconnected with each other by a bailancing lever, in a propermanner, onewill counterbalance the other, at whateverspeed they may be revolving.

It seems desirable that the device for connecting the rings G. and Gwith the balancing weight L should be such as to admit of the steambeing applied to either side P of the revolving piston G. at will, andproper care should be taken to prevent the passage.

of live steam inside of the piston rings, G. and G whereby these ringsnnght be onduly expanded, while in operation, creating undue frictionbetween the outside surface of the ring G. and the inner finishedsurface of the bore F. To prevent this the radial ear L is formed withalarger open,-

ing through it, beneath the opening Z. for' the bolt Q. and this openingZ jis screwthreaded to admit of the introduction there in, ofa flangedbushing Z. being tightly screw-threaded therein, from the outside,

the hole Z in the bushing Z. is adapted to receive therein, the headedspindle Zt as' far as the shoulder on said spindle will permit, whilethe head of the spindle ZHis turned at right angles to adapt it to bearupon the bottom part of the ring G see Fig. 3%. The outer end of thespindle Z. is adapted to have fitted thereto, a small elongated cap ZFig. 33. having the same leverage from the center of the spindle Z asthehead of the same; When the weight L". is placed in position over theprojection having beveled sides to keep it in place, it is of such formas to cover the small cap Z without binding, and by inserting thescrew-threaded pin Z. through the weight so that it will be pressed bythe outer end of the elongated cap Z. the device is made complete. InFigs. 8. and 9. will be seen the standard and hearing B. for thediagonal shaft D which connefits the main shaft with the verticalsupplemental abutment shaft D The finely adjustable main bearings B. areshown in Fig. 1.

In this engine the valves, and the devices for operating them arethesame as those shown in my application filed April :27. 1904. SerialNumber 205.169.

It will be understood that the abutment N. shown in these drawings isfinished upon both faces, and is therefore adapted to revolve in eitherdirection in accordance with whichever side of the piston the steam pressure is applied. In an engine designed to revolve in out one directionthe inside coring of the disk may be dispensed with, and the metal canbe taken from the disk opposite the cut away section upon the under sideof the same, to balance the abutment, and the second finished face maybe omitted.

The abutment N. is caused to revolve at a uniform speed with the pistonand main shaft D. by the use of the following gears: Secured to the mainshaft D. near the inner end of the main bearing C. is a bevel gear whichimpinges a like bevel. gear H. which is secured to the adjacent end ofthe diagonal shaft D and actuates the same, while the other end of the"shaft D is pro vided with a miter gear H adapted to connect with andrevolve a like miter gear H secured to the lower end of the verticalsupplemental abutment shaft D to which shaft at its upper end is secureda like miter gear H adapted to impinge and operate the like gear Hsecured to the horizontal abutment shaft D. and since the gears are ofuniform diameter the rotation of the piston and main shaft will beidentical with the abutment shaft.

In Fig. 40. will be seen view of the lower ended the yoke M showing itsbeveled connections with the projections on each side of the abutmentchamber, by which any twisting of the yoke h is avoided.

Figs. 41. and 42. show the method by which the balancing weight L issecured to the ear L in such a manner as to give it any desired radialmovement.

In Figs. 33. and'S-f. it will be observed that the head of the spindle5*. extends in an opposite direction for the elongated cap Z in orderthat a like pressure upon either may counterbalance the other.

Figs. 4-1. to 48. inclusive, are enlarged, detached views to more fullyshow the construction of the device for packing the abut ment shaft D.where it passes through the abutment chamber cover R. Just above the anoutline plan flange r. of the stufling box E on the outside thereof isformed a shoulder T of a height corresponding with the thickness of thefinished inner head 7'. of the abutment chamber cover R. which shoulderfurnishes a substantial seat for the ring 9*. to rest upon, and alsoprevents the ring r. from being too rigidly pressed against the insidefinished face of the head r. of the abutment chamber cover B. when thegland R is et in proper position to pack the connecting surfaces. Thering T is sufiicicntly large in diameter to cover the elongated circularopening 1. in the head 1*. and lap sufficiently over its sides to coverany vertical movement of the shaft D. and stuffing box R due to theexpansion of the abutment N. and the piston disk L. when in operation.By this arrangement it will be seen that the same packing which packsaround the stufiing box R where the ring 1*. is tightly fitted, alsopacks around the outer edge of the ring 9". against any leakage of theexhaust steam from the abutment chamber M. and in no wise interfereswith the vertical movement of the abutment shaft D. The movement beingsmall the packing so arranged should have great durability, with need ofadjustment at hing intervals of time.

In Fig. No. 31 T have shown the packing plate which is "apted to bepressed against the outer flat surfaces of the dish-aluitment by springs(not shown) located in the adjacent metal of the cylinder. Said springsare adjustable from the outside. This plate is adapted to fit into agroove surrounding the base within the abutment chamber and is providedwith a hole in the center through which the piston passes; its form issomewhat segmental. The purpose of the segmental form is to provide awearing surface, which rests upon the outer parallel face of thedisk-abutment and is of such form as to qualize the wear between them,by increasing the area of the packing plate to a. de gree correspondingwith the increased speed of the surface of the abutment-disk as itsperiphery is approached. There are three elements which enter into thisproblem: The varying of the speed of the surface of the disk andpressure. Now as the speed and pressure are fixed the wear must beequalized by a change in the area of one or more of the parts in movingcontact and the desired effect is best reached by a modification of theform of the wearing surface of the pack ing plate; this form is shown inFig. 3. My method of balancing the rotating diskabut ment consists inremoving some of the metal flat side of the disk, but always within theperiphery so that a wearing surface is always left at and near theperiphery, enough being taken out to balance the cutaway part of thedisk-abutment. This I term internally balancing the disk.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. A rotary steam engine having an annularcylinder, with a continuous finished shafts of the piston disk andabutment,

whereby they shall revolve at a relative, uniform, rotative speed, meansfor malntaining a flexible connection between the piston disk .andabutment, means connected with the abutment for taking the impact andpressure of the steam against the abutment upon ball bearings, withinternal devices for automatic compensation for wear and expansion inthe moving parts in contact,together with means for automatic cut-offand expansion of the steam within the cylinder, substantially as shownand described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

2. In a rotary engine, the combination with the cylinder, provided witha single steam inlet, and a single exhaust outlet, of a revolving diskabutment, internally balanced and counter-poised located between saidinlet and exhaust openings, and a revolving piston rotatable within saidcylinder, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposesherein set forth. 7

3. In a rotary engine, a revolving disk abutment, internally balancedand counterpoised, said abutment having a cut-away section at one sideof its central hub, with means for revolving said disk at right anglesacross the bore of the cylinder and across the piston disk,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes herein setforth.

4. In a. rotary engine, the combination with the annular cylinder,having a bore that is circular in cross section, a revolving diskadapted to carry a piston around said bore, a balanced andcounter-poised disk abutment, having a cut-away section on one side ofsaid disk, of a deep circular chamber adapted to contain said diskabutment, arranged to cut across the bore of the cylinder at rightangles, said abutment adapted to revolve freely in either directionacross the piston path, substantially as shown and described, and forthe purposes herein set forth.

5. In a rotary engine, the combination with the annular cylinder, therevolving piston disk carrying a piston, of a balanced andcounter-poised disk abutment, the disk being finished on both surfaces,and adapted to be packed on one or both of said surfaces, and providedwith a cut-away section in said disk and having a curved outer edge tosnugly fit against the periphery of the piston forth.

disk across which it revolves, substantially as shown and described, andfor the purposes herein set forth.

6. In a rotary engine, the combination with the cylinder, the'revolvingpiston disk, and the balanced and counter-poised abutment, havingacut-away section in said disk, and with one or more finished facesadapted to be packed, of a split metal ring located in a groove aroundthe cylinder bore, said ring being formed with outwardly ex tendingflanges on each side at the top of said ring, said flanges finished topack against the finished faces of the disk, and being provided withsprings beneath said flanges to hold it in easy contact with the same,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes herein setforth.

7. In a rotary engine, an internally balanced and counter-poised diskabutment with a cut-away section on one side of the disk, substantiallyas shown and described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

disk

8. In a rotary engine, the combination" with the revolving piston disk,a piston located between radially extending ears there on, a balancingweight secured to one ear, of a balancing spindle, fulcrumed in aflanged bushing rigidly fixed in the center of said ear said spindlehaving a head turned at right angles within the piston rings and anelongated cap secured to the other end, the former engaging the insidebottom of the inner piston ring, and the latter engaging the balancingweight, in such a manner that the centrifugal force exerted on the ringswill be offset by a like force exerted upon' the weight, substantiallyas shown and described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

9. In arotary engine, a revolving, balanced and counter-poised diskabutment, ar-

periphery of said abutment, and the periphery of the piston disk acrosswhich it revolves, substantially as shown and described, and for thepurposes herein set 10. In a rotary engine, a balanced andcounter-poised disk abutment, provided with means connected with saidabutment, to insure a flexible contact between said disk and therevolving piston disk across which it moves, and devices connected witheach hub of said abutment, whereby the thrust and pressure of the steamagainst the abutment will be taken upon ball bearings adapted toadjustably engage the hub of said disk, substantially as shown anddescribed, and for the purposes herein set forth. 7

11 a r y gi the balanced and counter-poised disk abutment, having acutaway section on one side of said disk, and provided with substantialhubs on each side of said disk, with enlarged diameter, to contain agroove near the periphery of said hubs, adapted to receive therein ahardened steel ring, having a curved groove in its center to which isnicely fitted the balls of the ball bearing adapted to freely revolve insaid groove, with outside devices for adjusting their contact with saidhubs, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes hereinset forth.

12. In a rotary engine the balanced and counter-poised disk abutmenthaving a cutaway section on one side of said disk, with substantial hubsof enlarged diameter having devices therein adapted to receive andsupport the balls composing the ball bearings, of suspended abutmentbearings, located within the abutment chamber on each of said enlargedhubs, said bearings fitted in their adjacent faces to support likedevices for the balls as those in the hubs of said abutment, with meansconnected with said suspended bearings, to hold them in suspension overthe bore of the cylinder and impart a flexible contact between theabutment and piston disk, substantially as shown and described, and forthe purposes herein set forth.

13. In a rotary engine, the balanced and counter-poised disk abutmenthaving a cutaway section on one side, ball bearings connected with itsenlarged hubs, and suspended bearings located on each side of said disk,and adjustably connected therewith, of a double yoke having outwardlyprojecting ears on opposite sides, by which it is connected with thesuspended bearings by means of substantial screw threaded bolts whichpass through said ears and are secured there in, said yoke beingprovided with a plunger adapted to engage the stiff coil spring in thepocket in the top of the abutment chamber, and by means of the screwthreaded contact between the plunger and yoke, any desired portion ofthe weight of the abutment and its connections may be taken upon thespring, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposesherein set forth.

14. A rotary engine formed of two main sections, each containing onehalf of the annular cylinder, and one half of the abutment chamber, thetwo sections being secured together through flanges formed on the insideof each section, on a vertical line coincident with the line of the mainshaft, the lower portion containing the annular cylinder, and the upperportion forming the abutment chamber, each section being alike andinterchange-able, the lower section being formed with a supporting baseor feet, and the upper portion being adapted to contain the abutment,the abutment shaft, suspended bearings and adjusting devices for thesame, with means for revolving the abutment shaft by connections withthe main shaft, and at the same rotative speed, substantially as shownand described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

15. In a rotary engine, the combination with an annular cylinder, a boretherein which is circular in cross section, a revolving piston diskcarrying a piston in said bore, a balanced and counter-poised diskabutment suspended above said piston disk and adapted to revolve acrossit at right angles, said abutment being provided with ball bearings inits hub sections, with suspended bearings located opposite the outerfaces of said hubs, adapted to support said ball bearings in position,of substantial adjusting levers fitted with a curved outer end on acircle equidistant from the center of the finished hole in the other endof said levers, said levers formed with an outward extending lip at oneside, adapted to engage openings in the rear face of the suspendedabutment bearing and to cause the levers to move verticall when thesuspended bearing moves, and to the same extent, said lever beingsupported in a pocket by means of an eccentric flanged pin in such amanner that any desired adjustment of the lever may be effected from theoutside by partly revolving the pin in either direction, substantiallyas shown and described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

16. In a rotary engine the combination with an annular cylinder, havinga bore that is circular in cross section, a piston disk rotatabletherein carrying a piston, a balanced and counter-poised disk abutmentsuspended above said piston disk and adapted to revolve across the sameat right angles, said abutment being provided with a shaft by which itis supported and revolved, of adjustable box bearings located in theouter portion of the suspended bearings, and adapted to be adjusted tofit the shaft, when the abutment is held in position by the ballbearings, and so arranged and adjusted that the ball bearings upon thehub of the abutment, and the box bearings upon the abutment shaft, shallwork in harmony to keep the abutment and shaft in perfect alinementregardless of any vertical movement thereof, due to the expansion of therevolving parts in contact, substantially as shown and described, andfor the purposes herein set forth.

1?. In rotaryengine, the combination with an annular cylinder, a borewithin the same which is circular in cross-section a revolving pistondisk carrying a piston, a balanced and counter-poised disk abutment,having a cutaway section on one side, a shaft rigidly secured within thecenter of said abutment, to support and revolve the same, within theabutment chamber, and having outward connection by gears and shaftingwith the main shaft by which it is revolved, of a stuffing box locatednear the outer reduced end of the abutment chamber, and secured to theinner end of the abutment chamber cover, upon which it has a freevertical movement, said packing box being v fitted ith two glands,having a screw-threaded connection with the outside of the stufling box,whereby one gland packs around the opening in the abutment cham bercover, through which the stuffing box passes, and the other gland packsaround the abutment shaft both allowing any desired vertical movement ofthe abutment shaft, substantially as shown and described, and for. thepurposes herein set forth.

18. In a rotary engine, formed of two interchangeable sections securedtogether on a vertical line coincident with the line of the main shaft,by finished connecting faces of flanges formed upon each section, saidflanges connecting at the bottom of said sections with supportingflanges formed to extend outwardly therefrom at right angles thereto,and said connecting flanges being broadened as they approach thesupporting flanges, to insure a substantial base for the support of theengine, on a line coincident with the line of the main shaft,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes herein setforth.

19. In a rotary engine, formed of two interchangeable sections, eachcontaining one half of the annular cylinder and the abutment chamber,said abutment chamber, (when the two sections are secured together byfinished connecting flanges), being adapted to contain the disk abutmentwith the shaft extending outside the said abutment chamber, andconnecting by shafts and gears with the main shaft which actuates it,said abutment chamber being reduced in size as it extends outwardly, andbeing strengthcned insaid outward portion, by two parallel flanges oneach section connecting at the bottom of each section with the baseplate or foot and extending upward to the sides of the cylinder, ofwhich they form a part, thence extending upward to connect with thereduced outer end of the abutment cham ber, whereby additional strengthis imparted to the abutment chamber to enable it to withstand any strainupon the parts, by reason of the impact and pressure of the steamagainst the abutment, when in operation, substantially as shown anddescribed, and for the purposes herein set forth.

20. In a rotary engine having a main shaft and an abutment shaft, thecombination with the system of shafts and gears, connecting the mainshaft with the abutment shaft, and imparting a continuous rotary motionthereto, of a combined gear casing and shaft bearing secured to theouter flange of the abutment chamber, and arranged to allow verticalmovement of the shaft, without detriment to the proper operation of theconnecting parts, substantially as shown and described, and for thepurposes herein set forth. 7

21. In a rotary engine, a balancing yoke constructed with dependingsections on opposite sides, with grooves formed upon the internalsurfaces of said sections on opposite sides, with beveled sides andbeing adapted to slide freely upon outwardly extending project-ionslocated on opposite outsides of the abutment chamber, said dependingsections being connected by adjustable rods with the suspended bearingswhich support each end of the abutment shaft, whereby each end of saidshaft isgiven a uniform movement as to time, direction, and degree,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes herein setforth.

22. In a rotary engine, a balancing yoke and plunger, a coil steelspring located in a socket formed in the upper part of the abutmentchamber, and adapted to engage the lower face of said plunger, which isinserted adj ustably in and through the center of said balancing yoke,whereby the pressure of the abutment upon the piston disk, across whichit revolves, is externally controlled at will, substantially as shownand described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

23. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder provided with a borethat is circular in cross section, and a revolving piston adapted torevolve in said bore and connected by substantial devices with the mainshaft, the combination of a revolving disk abutment, provided with acut-away section in said disk near its periphery, and being internallycored out to balance against gravity and a stiff coil spring located atthe top of the abutment chamber, and said abutment being suspended overthe piston disk by devices that connect it with said stiff coil spring,whereby a flexible contact is maintained betweensaid disks, adapted tocounteract the expansion thereof, under any increased heat to which theymay be exposed, substantially as shown and described, and for thepurposes herein set forth.

24. In a. rotary engine, a rotatable disk abutment having a cut awaysection as de' scribed upon one side of its axis of rotation, the otherside of the disk having cored recessed chambers as shown, the outerfinished walls over said recessed chamber, being supported by metalposts which engage each adjacent inner Wall, and adapt them to withstandthe steam impact without spring or displacement, whereby'the disk isperfectly balanced, substantially as shown and described, and for thepurposes herein set forth.

25. I11 a rotary engine, a rotating disk abutment having an enlargedhub, the ends of said hub having recesses for the reception ofanti-friction balls, corresponding recesses made in the bearings, saidbearings and anti-friction balls as described.

26. In a rotary engine, a piston carrying disk rigidly secured inposition to revolve freely within the annular-cylinder, and a rotatingdisk abutment, pended bearings, and adapted to have its peripheryrevolve transversely across the periphery of the piston carrying disk,with appliances connected with said suspended bearings, whereby ayieldable contact is maintained between said revolving disks, and theirexpansion under heat is automatically compensated for, without detrimentto the proper operation of the engine, substantially as shown anddescribed, and for the purposes herein set forth.

In a rotary engine, a rotating disk abutment, a piston carrier rotatingin a plane at right angles to the plane of the disk abutment, theperipheries of said disks running in contact, the disk abutmentsupported on suspended bearings over the piston carrier in such a manneras that the two disks shall be kept in close revolving contact throughthe force of gravity acting upon said abutment, with devices connectedwith said suspended bearings whereby the force of gravity is partlydiverted to the stiff coil spring, and the pressure between said disksis regulated at will, as and for the purposes herein set forth.

28. In a rotary engine, a rotatable disk supported on susabutmentsupported upon suspended bearings, and means for automatically varyingthe position of said bearings and abutment, substantially as shown anddescribed, and for the purposes herein set forth.

29. In a rotary engine, a rotatable disk abutment, and yieldable meansfor varying the position of said abutment, substantially as shown anddescribed, and for the purposes herein set forth.

30. In a rotary engine, a rotating disk abutment and a piston carrierrotating in planes at right angles to each other and having theirperipheries working in contact, means for yieldingly holding saidperipheries in contact, whereby the changes due to expension and wearare compensated, and means for holding the said disk abutment laterallyin proper position, substantially as shown and described, and for thepurposes herein set forth.

31. In a rotary engine having an annular bore that is circular in crosssection, a piston revoluble therein, a fiat disk abutment having smoothflat sides against which the steam abuts on either side at will, pocketsformed in the metal adjacent to the revolving abutment, solid wheelsoccupying said pockets,

to engage the suspended bearings and hold them in exact lateraladjustment on opposite sides of said disk abutment, with outsideappliances for adjusting the position of said wheels, substantially asshown and described. and for the purposes herein set forth.

32. In a rotary engine, a disk carrying a piston and a disk serving asan abutment, supported by suspended bearings, and taking the steampressure on either flat side of said abutment, said sides being inparallel planes, the two disks adapted to rotate transversely acrosseach other on their peripheries, means to effect automatic compensationfor wear and for variation in expansion by reason of change in tempera-.ture due to varying loads carried by the engine, substantially as shownand described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

33. In a rotary engine having a rotary disk abutment rotatingtransversely across the piston path, and having parallel fiat finishedsurfaces on each side, an elongated packing adapted to fit around theoutside of the cylinder bore, and means operated from the outsidewhereby the pressure of the packing upon the abutment is controlled atwill, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes hereinset forth.

3st. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder the bore of which iscircular in cross-section, said cylinder being provided with a cavity orcircular chamber between the bore and the main shaft, in combinationwith a piston disk revoluble in said cavity, provided with a two parteXpansible packing ring, located on the periphery of the piston arm,with inter-looking segments formed on its curved periphery, terposedbeaween its two sections that hold their outward faces against theadjacent parallel walls of the circular cavity, and a soft metal splitring located in a deep groove formed on the tions, just beneath theinterlocking segments, whereby the difference in the expansion of thetwo metals under heat will tend to hold the expansible rings in anydesired position of contact with the adjacent walls of the cavity,thereby securing automatic compensation for wear and a minimum degree offriction of the parts in contact, while in operation, substantially asshown and described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

35. In a rotary engine, having an annular bore that is circular in crosssection, a piston that is rotatable therein, a piston disk cavitylocated between said bore and the chamber containing the hubs of thepiston disk, said cavity having a finished face on each side, incombination with self-expanding rings adapted to fit snugly over the hubsections of the piston disk and joined in the center steel coiledsprings ininner faces of said two secthereof by inter-locking segmentsprovided with internal devices that hold the outer faces of said ringsin revolving contact with said finished faces of the piston disk cavity,whereby the wear upon the parts in contact is automatically compensatedfor, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes hereinset forth.

36. In a rotary engine, having an annular bore that is circular in crosssection, a piston that is rotatable therein, a piston arm, a piston diskcavity having finished walls on opposite sides thereof, self-expandingrings surrounding the piston arm and engaging the finished walls of thepiston disk cavity, in combination with steel coil springs interposedbetween said expanding rings having interlocking segments on theirperiphery and adapted to press the same outwardly, and a soft metal cutring situated in a groove beneath said interlocking segments, wherebysaid expanding rings are rigidly held in any desired adjustment againstsaid finished faces of said piston disk cavity, thus effecting automaticcompensation for wear between the parts in revolving contact,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes herein setforth.

37. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder provided with a borethat is circular in cross section, a piston rotatable therein, a pistondisk containing a piston arm having radial ears formed on its outer end,and constituting the heads of the piston, one or more piston ringsmovably secured between said heads, in combination with radialprojections formed on the outside of said ears having beveled edgesadapted to have movably secured thereto a balancing weight, connected byinternal devices with the piston, whereby the effect of centrifugalforce upon said piston is automatically neutralized, substantially asshown and described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

38. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder provided with a borethat is circular in cross section, a piston having piston ringsrotatable therein, and connected with the main shaft by a piston armhaving radial ears formed on its outer end with projections formed ontheir outsides, upon one of which cars is located a balancing weight, incombination with a balancing spindle with a head on each end andfulcrumed in one of said radial ears and adapted to engage the balancingweight at one end of the spindle, and the piston rings at the other endand to press them in opposite directions, whereby the piston isautomatically freed from the effect of centrifugal force, substantiallyas shown and described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

39. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder provided with a borethat is circular in cross section, a piston revoluble therein withsubstantial connections between said piston and the main shaft, asuspended disk abutment with a flat finished face on each side of saiddisk and formed with a cut-away section near its periphery, incombination with a cored section of said abutment opposite said cut-awaysection adapted to reduce the weight of metal to equal the volume ofsaid cut-away section, whereby the said abutment is balanced againstgravity, substantially as shown and described, and for the purposesherein set forth.

40. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder provided with a borethat is circular in cross section, a piston rotatable therein andlocated upon the periphery of a piston disk which connects it with themain shaft, of an internally balanced abutment disk suspended over saidpiston disk, across which it revolves at right angles, the peripheralcurve of each disk being adapted to fit snugly upon the other over theentire surface of contact, substantially as shown and described, and forthe purposes herein set forth.

41. In a rotary engine, formed with an annular cylinder having a borethatis circular in cross section, a two ring piston located betweenradial ears formed upon the outer end of the piston arm which connectsthe piston with the main shaft, said ears having radialprojectionsformed on their outside, in combination with a piston eXtension rigidlysecured to one of said ears and revolved by said piston. whereby theclearance of the engine is reduced in volume equal to the cubic contentsof said piston extension, at each revolution of the piston,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes herein setforth. V

42. In a rotary engine, formed with an annular cylinder and having abore that is circular in cross section, a revoluble piston disk carryinga piston and connecting. the same with the main shaft, a disk abutmentyieldably suspended over said piston disk, and adapted to revolve acrossthe same at right angles thereto, in combination with main shaftbearings formed with devices that allow of their vertical adjustment,without other displacement, substantially as ring will engagethe hither end of the cylinder bore, before the other side of said outerwhereby one side of the said outer piston Y substantially as piston ringleaves the thither end of the cylinder bore, the piston is adapted topass over said slot freely without ar or displacement, substantially asshown and described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

44:. In a rotary engine, formed with an annular cylinder having a borethat is circular in cross section, a two ring piston carried by a pistonarm rotatable in said bore, of a piston disk connecting said piston withthe main shaft, said disk being formed by expansible interlocking ringslocated upon the hub sections of the piston arm and covering the same,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes herein setforth.

45. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder provided with a borethat is circular in cross section, a piston that is rotatablethereinlocated between radial ears formed on the outer end of a pistonarm, in combination with a double flanged ring secured between saidears, and a self expanding piston inclosing said double flanged ring,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes herein setforth.

46. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder provided with a borethat is circular in cross section, a revolving piston carried by apiston disk having radial ears formed on its periphery, said ears havingfinished parallel faces, a double flanged ring secured between said earsand a two ring piston encircling said ring, of a single bolt forsecuring said parts against displacement, shown and described, and forthe purposes herein set forth.

47. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder with a bore that iscircular in cross section, a self-expanding piston rotatable therein, incombination with a yieldable, rotatable, and balanced disk abutment,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes herein setforth.

In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder provided with a bore thatis circular in cross-section, a balanced disk abutment suspended betweenthe adjacent ends of said bore, the periphery of said abutment adaptedto revolve transversely across the periphery of the piston disk arm,which carries the piston in said bore, in combination with suspendeddevices connected with said abutment for automatically varying theposition of the abutment, whereby the contact between the two disks isrendered flexible, and grinding or leakage is obviated, substantially asshown and described, and for the purposes herein set forth.

49. In a rotary engine, a balanced disk abutment, rotatable therein, andyieldable means for varying the position of said abutment automatically,substantially as shown and described, and for the purposes hereinsetforth.

abutment cooperating with the piston member under the influence ofgravity, and external means by which the Weight of the abutment isregulated at will, substantially as shown and described, and for thepurposes herein set forth.

51. In a rotary engine having an annular cylinder with a bore that iscircular in cross section, a self expanding piston rotatable therein,said piston formed with two split rings, one within the other, andmovably secured between radially extending ears formed on the peripheryof the piston arm, said ears forming the heads of the piston which isconnected by a balancing lever with a sliding weight carried on one ofsaid ears, whereby the centrifugal force exerted upon said pistonmember, when in operation, is automatically neutralized by an equalforce exerted in an opposite direction upon the said sliding weight,substantially as shown and described and for the purposes herein setforth.

52. In a rotary engine, having an annular cylinder with a bore that iscircular 1n cross section, and provided with one disk for carrying apiston on its periphery, revoluble in said bore, and provided withanother disk which serves as an abutment or revolving cylinder-head, theformer rigidly secured in position on the main shaft and supported byvertically adjustable main bearings, the latter disk suspended above theformer in such a manner as to adapt it to revolve transversely acrossthe former whereby a flexible contact between the peripheries of saiddisks is established and ample compensation afforded for an increase oftheir diameters due to the expansion of the metal composing said disksby reason of any increased heat to which they are subjected in theoperation of said engine, substantially as shown and described, and forthe purposes herein set forth. v

53. In a rotary engine, cylinder provided with a bore that is circularin cross-section, a piston carried by a dlsk secured to the main shaft,and having expanding split packing rings revoluble in said bore, arevolving disk abutment with one or more cut-away sections in itsperiphery and adapted to freely revolve between the adjacent ends ofsaid bore, of an elongated packing plate located in a cavity surroundingone or both of said adjacent ends of the bore, and adapted to be held inflexible contact against the finished outer surface of said diskabutment by springs, said packing plate being formed of such segmentalshape as to equalize the Wear between 1t and the revolving disk, wherebythe surhaving an annular

